Tetramorium caespitum (Linnaeus)

Iran list Type location Europe (Formica caespitum, Linnaeus, 1758: 581, worker; Latreille, 1798: 50, queen & male; Mayr, 1861: 62, queen & male) - no images on Antweb (August 2015)
junior synonyms
fusca (Formica fusca, Leach, 1825: 290, queen & male; synonymy Dalla Torre, 1893: 132) from France - no images on Antweb (September 2015)
fuscula (Formica fuscula, Nylander, 1846a: 935, illustrated, all forms; synonymy F Smith, 1851: 118) from Finland - no images on Antweb (September 2015)
hammi (Donisthorpe, 1915d: 178, worker; synonymy Bolton, 1995: 408) from Gt Britain - see below
himalayanum (Viehmeyer, 1914c: 38, all forms; synonymy Radchenko, 1992b: 50) from India - see http://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?code=casent0904814
immigrans (Santschi, 1927a: 54, worker; synonymy, Bolton, 1979: 171) from Chile - see http://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?code=casent0913997
indocile (Santschi, 1927a: 53, all forms; synonymy, Radchenko, 1992: 50) from Turkestan - no images on Antweb (September 2015)
modesta (Foerster, 1850a: 49, worker; synonymy Curtis, 1854: 215; Mayr, 1855: 246) from Germany - no images on Antweb (September 2015)
transbaicanense (Ruszky, 1936: 93 [unavailable], worker; synonymy Radchenko, 1992b: 50 - in Russian) from Turkestan - no images on Antweb (September 2015)
transversinodis (J Enzmann, 1946b: 47, illustrated, worker; synonymy Brown, 1949a: 47 [unavailable]) from USA - no images on Antweb (September 2015)
subspecies
alternans (Santschi, 1929e: 150, worker) from Morocco - see https://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?code=casent0913999
barabense (Ruzsky, 1925a: 288, worker) from Russia - no images on Antweb (September 2015)
caespitomoravicum (Kratochvil, in Novak & Sadil, 1941: 86, in key) from Slovakia - no images on Antweb (September 2015)
flavidulum (T. caespitum caespitum L. var. flavidula n. Emery, 1909d: 702; Emery, 1922f: 276, worker) from Turkey, Mersina, Asia Minor - see below.
japonicum (Röszler, 1936a: 121, worker & queen) from Japan - no images on Antweb (September 2015)
oxyomma (Karaviaev, 1912a: 13, all forms) from Algeria - now under Tetramorium biskrensis - see https://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?name=casent0915000
pallidum (Stitz, 1934: 2, worker) from China - no images on Antweb (September 2015)
penninum (Santschi, 1927a: 54, worker) from Switzerland - no images on Antweb (September 2015)
rhodium (T. caespitum ssp caespitum var rhodia, Emery, 1915h: 3, worker; Emery, 1922f: 277) from Greece; raised to species Csosz, Radchenko & Schulz (2007) - see http://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?code=casent0904812
typicum (Ruzsky, 1902c: 14, all forms) from Turkestan - no images on Antweb (September 2015)
HNS 3622: Santschi, F. 1927. A propos du Tetramorium caespitum L. Fol. Myrmecol. Termitol. 1, 53-58.
Unavailable names
fusciclava (T. caespitum caespitum var. fusciclava n., Emery, 1925c: 187, worker) Italy, Rimini, C. Emery - see below.

Linnaeus's (1758) description is at . Emery (1925) gave an analysis of the then known forms of T. caespitum, this is at . Perusal of that shows a confused mess of the many forms and I am not attempting any analysis, simply giving the examples below of specimens of T. caespitum s.l.  and flavidulum as collected in Iran.

The photomontage of a syntype of fusciclava, synonymized in Bolton (1995: 408), is collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?name=casent0904802.

The photomontage of a syntype of hammi, synonymized in Bolton (1995: 408), is collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?name=casent0901252.

The photomontage of the lectotype of flavidula, synonymized in Bolton (1995: 408), is collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?name=casent0904803.

Bolton (1979: 171) gave a short illustrated description from North American specimens; this is at .

Oxford University Museum specimens

Tetramorium caespitum B Taylor det.	Iran O Paknia ZMGU 1354	viii.2004 Gonbad 37.5833333 N 46.9333333		3
Tetramorium caespitum B Taylor det.	Iran O Paknia ZMGU 523	xi.2004 Miankaleh 36°52' N 53°45' E		4
Tetramorium caespitum B Taylor det.	Iran O Paknia ZMGU 545	xi.2004 Miankaleh 36°52' N 53°45' E		7
Tetramorium caespitum B Taylor det.	Iran O Paknia ZMGU 1401	xi.2004 Miankaleh 36°52' N 53°45' E		2
Tetramorium caespitum B Taylor det.	Iran S Moradloo 17	29.vi.2013 36.71°N  47.72°E		2
Tetramorium caespitum B Taylor det.	Iran M Safariyan 19	2.vii.2014 35.14755°N 47.78202°E	Sarab Lake 1900 m pitfall trap; edge of grassland	1
Tetramorium caespitum flavidulum B Taylor det.	Iran M Safariyan 20	5.ii.2014 36.10902°N 47.55669°E	Bijar Protected area 1533 m pitfall trap; wayside	1
Tetramorium caespitum B Taylor det.	Iran M Ghatei 63	22.vi.2014 37.13°N 49.19°E 37 m	Fuman, Guilan hand collected park, on ground 1115h	1
Tetramorium caespitum B Taylor det.	Iran R Afshari 66	17.v.2014 31.40°N 51.49°E 2627 m	Vanak, Semirom, Isfahan hand collected city, cemetry 1530h	1
Tetramorium caespitum fusciclava B Taylor det.	Iran M Ghatei 45	16.v.2015 37.31°N 49.70°E 64 m	Rezvanshahr, Guilan hand collected forest, on tree 1232h	1
Tetramorium caespitum B Taylor det.	Iran M Ghatei 64	5.v.2015 37.10°N 49.42°E 34 m	Sangar, Guilan hand collected city, on ground 1540h	1

The photomontage is of a worker from Iran, Gonbad, collector Omid Paknia (ZMGU 1354). Apart from the darker colour, this appears very similar, including in size to the fusciclava above, which Emery, merely describing it as a variety, probably thought was very close to the type form.

The photomontage is of a second slightly smaller worker from Iran, collector Paknia (ZMGU 545).

The photomontage is of a worker from Iran, Mahneshan, collector S Moradloo (17).

The photomontage is of a flavidulum worker from Iran, Bijar Protected area, collector M Safariyan (20).