Genus Camponotus subgenus Tanaemyrmex
Camponotus maculatus varieties - provisional key 2010
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The
Ants of Africa Genus Camponotus subgenus Tanaemyrmex Camponotus maculatus varieties - provisional key 2010 |
| Camponotus maculatus introduction |
Provisional key to collate and separate similar so-called varieties and races
| . | A = type form group with pale blotches on dark gaster | A |
| . | B = melanocnemis-group gaster black with small antero-lateral blotches on gaster | B |
| . | C = group with entirely black gaster | C |
| . | D = group with pale non-blotched gaster | D |
| A |
Type form group with pale blotches on dark gaster | . |
| cluisoides
(Camponotus
maculatus F. var cluisoides n. var.,
Forel, 1913h: 354, Major & Minor)
Photomontage derived from images at www.discoverlife.org
- originals by Gary Alpert, Harvard University; Kenya specimens. Also confusing is the labelling, his website now
(2008) has this as C. maculatus ugandensis, without
a collection label |
 Forel's
(1913h) description
is at  .
TL 11.5-15.5 mm; major HL 4.4 HW
4.3;
major head strongly enlarged and impressed behind (more than with cluis);
base colour black, tibiae and metatarsis dark brown, funiculi and tarsi
reddish brown, other light areas yellow, gaster with long lateral
patches (as in the type). |
Kenya |
 |
||
| hieroglyphicus (Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus F. st. hieroglyphicus n. st., Santschi, 1917b: 290, Major, Minor & queen) |  Santschi's
(1917b) description is at  . Major
TL 11.5 mm, HL (with
mandibles)
3.5 HW HW 2.5; base colour black but some dark areas, including the
mandibles dark brown red; funiculus and part of tibiae reddish, other
light areas yellowish; light patches on gaster sharply defined
occupying about the borders of the first three segments; gaster shiny,
rest of head and body matt, densely reticulo-punctate. Benguela,
collector J Cruchet.Collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?code=casent0911984 |
Angola |
| Minor |
 |
|
| conakryensis (Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus F. var. conakryensis n., Emery, 1920c: 13, Major & Minor) |  Emery's
(1920c) description is at  .
Major TL 14 mm, head 4 X 3.8 SL 3.4;
body black, a little
less opaque than var. lohieri; first segment of
gaster totally yellow below, above with an irregularly triangular black
area; pronotum and mesonotum brown; tibia brown. Emery considered the
type maculatus
was intermediate between lohieri
and conakryensis.Collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?name=casent0905267. |
Guinea |
| erythraea (Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus F. var. erythraea n., Emery, 1920c: 14, Major) | Emery's
(1920c) description is at  .
Santschi (1935b) had 
from Kenya. TL 15 mm; colouration as conakryensis
but with almost whole of alitrunk dorsum black; head wholly opaque with
positions of ocelli distinct. Minor with much narrower head than type maculatus;
colouration as in C. aegyptiacus. Asmara, collector
Silvestri.No images on Antweb (October 2014) |
Eritrea |
| liocnemis (Camponotus maculatus liocnemis n. subsp., Emery, 1905d, footnote, Major & Minor; Santschi, 1914e: 38, queen & male, named only) |  Emery's (1905d)
description
is at  .
Arnold (1922: 625) gave a
translation, this is at  .
Smaller than the type form, Major TL
10.5 mm, with a smaller head, 3.2 X 2.8; colouration more contrasting
yellow and
black. Cape and Transvaal. Specimens were the "Camponotus maculatus"
of Emery (1895h: 46), where it was noted - "In general the yellow
patches of the gaster are less marked in this southern Africa form than
on those of Egypt and Arabia". |
South Africa |
| liocnemis major |  Collated
from http://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?name=casent0905278 |
. |
| liocnemis minor |  |
. |
| lividior (Camponotus maculatus v. lividior n. var., Santschi, 1911e; 128, all forms) | Santschi's
(1911e) description is at  .
Similar to the type form but minors
with the base colour dull greyish yellow. Collector Pobequin, 1899.No images on Antweb (October 2014) |
Comoro Is |
| tuckeri (Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus F. var. tuckeri nov., Santschi, 1932a: 391, major, minor & male) |  Santschi's
(1932a) description is at  .
Major TL 13 mm; colour as in the type
but with larger patches on the gaster, confluent as a V on the first
tergite; base colour black, except funiculi, small tarsi, edges of
pronotum, mesosternum, metasternum and genae rust. Underside of head
with a few hairs. Head longer as with Camponotus
aegyptiacus but narrower anteriorly. Collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?code=casent0911993 |
Namibia |
| . |  |
. |
| calceatus (Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus F. st. radamoides For. var. calceatus n.v., Santschi, 1930b: 76, major & minor) |  Santschi's
(1930b) description is at 
Major TL 13 mm, almost entirely black
or blackish with some yellow-ochre areas; minor TL 8 mm, mostly
reddish-brown or darker. Santschi's placement is strange as radamoides has a
totally dark gaster. |
Angola |
| Minor |
 Collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?code=casent0911969 |
|
| cataractae (Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus F. st. radamoides For. var. cataractae n.v., Santschi, 1919b: 239, major & minor) |  Santschi's (1919b)
description is at 
Majors TL 11-12 mm, head black, dorsum of alitrunk and base colour of gaster brownish-black; minors 9 mm, entirely reddish, except for dull patches on the gaster. Victoria Falls, G Arnold. Collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?code=casent0911970 |
Zimbabwe |
| Minor |
 |
|
| citinus (Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus F. st. radamoides For. var. citinus n.v., Santschi, 1930b: 77, Major & Minor; see Bolton, 1995) |  Santschi's
(1930b) description is at 
Major TL 13-14 mm; brighter reddish-yellow than liocnemis and calceatus; minor TL 8 mm; Santschi (1935) noted that in citrinus, probably the correct spelling of what elsewhere is given as citinus, the spots on the gaster are small as in hieroglyphicus Santschi from Benguela, but the latter race is smaller, with the head less impressed posteriorly. Uere Bili |
Zaïre |
| Major |
 Collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?code=casent0911974 |
|
| Minor |
 |
|
| contaminatus (Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus F. st. manzer For. var. contaminatus n.var., Santschi, 1917b: 291, major & minor) |  Santschi's (1917b)
description is at 
Size range TL 8-15 mm; major head
black with posterior angles reddish, almost all the rest brownish black
or darker; gaster black with a yellow apical band and lateral yellow
areas on the first two segments; minor yellow, gaster with three
longitudinal brownish black bands (intermediate between liengmei
and melanocnemis). Matopo Hill, G Arnold.Collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?code=casent0911976 |
Zimbabwe |
| Minor |
 |
|
| diffusus (Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus F. st.. radamoides For. var. diffusus n.v., Santschi, 1917b: 292, major & minor) |  Santschi's (1917b)
description is at 
Major TL 13-13.6 mm, bigger than madecassa;
head brownish-red with posterior angles yellowish-red, yellow patches
on gaster greater than the black areas. Minor TL 8 mm, yellow with a
longitudinal band on the gaster which becomes less distinct in smaller
workers. Matopo Hill, G Arnold.Collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?code=casent0911978 |
Zimbabwe and Natal, South Africa |
| Minor |
 |
|
| incommoda (Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus F. r. thoracicus Forel v. incommoda, n. var. Forel, 1914d: 250, major & minor) | Forel's (1914d) description
is at 
TL 9.9-14.5 mm; similar to variety
minor from Algeria (Forel, 1909e: 389, worker, queen
& male  );
but body much shinier. From Cape
Province. Camponotus
thoracicus is purely North African in distribution.No images on Antweb (October 2014) |
South Africa |
| thomensis (Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus Fab. v. thomensis n.var., Santschi, 1920i: 3, major, minor & male) |  Santschi's
(1920i) description is at  .
Major TL 9.5 mm, characterized by the
smallness of the lateral patches on the gaster. Collector de Seabra.Collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?code=casent0911991 |
São Tomé I. |
| Minor |
 |
|
| zumpti (Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus F. v. zumpti n.v., Santschi, 1937b: 103, worker) |  Santschi's
(1937b) description of zumpti is at  .
Major TL 14 mm; HL 3.8-3.9
HW
3.6-3.8; scape slightly surpasses the occiput; overall colour and light
patches as with lohieri, also more shiny. From
Missellele.Collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?code=casent0911995 |
Cameroun |
| Minor |
 |
|
| B | melanocnemis-group gaster black and only small antero-lateral blotches | . |
| flavifemur (Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus F. v. flavifemur n.v., Santschi, 1937g: 84, worker & queen) |  Santschi's
(1937g) description is at  .
Worker similar to lohieri
(major TL 14 mm) and zumpti Sant. but with the
femora and tibiae pale yellow contrasting with the red ochre or
ferruginous mesopleurosternum and metasternum (as in the other
varieties); tibia with brown black aguillons
passing into ferruginous in the distal third. Lake Victoria, Mwanza
(Mwanga).Collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?code=casent0903514 |
Tanzania |
| flavominor (Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus F. st. melanocnemis Sants. v flavominor n.v., Santschi, 1920i: 4, major & minor; name in Emery, 1925b: 87, major & minor) |  Santschi's
(1920i) description is at  .
Size and colour as lohieri
(major TL 14 mm) but differs from melanocnemis, lohieri
and thomensis by the yellow colour of the head and
appendages (brown in the others); major propodeum profile almost
rectilinear (weakly convex in lohieri). Upper
Dahomey, Kouandé, collector Desanti.Collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?code=casent0911980 |
Benin |
| Minor |
 |
|
| lohieri (Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus Fab. st. melanocnemis Sants. v. lohieri n. var. Santschi, 1913c: 313; as variety of maculatus, Emery, 1915g: 22, worker) |   Santschi's (1913c)
description as a variety of melanocnemis was -
"Worker - head more matt especially towards the posterior angles, and
the gaster with a yellow ochre patch on the side of the second segment
plus three patches at the base of the first segment, otherwise the
gaster is entirely black, as with melanocnemis",
from Ivory Coast, Jacqueville, coll R P J H Lohier.Allowing for the common variation in colour pattern in the West African specimens, I feel this may be a simple junior synonym of the type maculatus Collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?name=casent0905268 |
Ivory Coast |
| . |  |
. |
| . |
 |
- |
| manzer (Camponotus maculatus subsp. manzer n. subsp., Forel, 1910e: 452, major) |  Forel's
(1910e) description is at  .
Arnold (1922: 625) gave a
translation, this is at  .
Major TL 13 mm, head near
trapeziform, as lohieri, with sides slightly less
convex than the type maculatus; scapes longer,
supassing occiput by about two-fifths of their own length; alitrunk
less convex, petiole scale strongly biconvex; lateral light patches on
first and second gaster segments confluent and none on the more
posterior
segments. Victoria Falls, collector Wroughton. |
Zimbabwe |
| . |
 Minor |
|
| melanocnemis (H. Pobeguin, in Santschi, 1911c: 368, soldier; Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus F. stirps melanocnemis , Santschi, Santschi, 1915c: 278, worker: raised to subspecies by Forel, 1915, with its junior synonym schultzei, Forel, 1912j: 179, major, minor & male) |  Santschi (1911c)
had the
major as - differing from the type (maculatus) by
the darker colour of the gaster patches, which are brownish-black;
sometimes the gaster is entirely black, the tibiae brown-black; the
sculpture is slightly shinier on the posterior angles of the head; the
dorsum of the propodeum is slightly longer.Santschi (1915c) described melanocnemis - this race is very close to the type in general form. The head is a little larger and the frontal carinae slightly further apart, The thorax profile is as arcuate, but somewhat more robust and the propodeum is larger. The posterior tibiae are longer, more than 4 mm. The sculpture is as matt as the type on the head and thorax, but the sides of those parts are generally more shiny. The brown-red pilosity is translucent on the head, otherwise as the type. The overall colour is always darker; with the posterior edges of the thorax and gaster, except for the patches, black or nearly so, although the narrow yellow border persists as in the type; yellow ochre parts of legs are less extended, the tibiae and tarsi are more or less brown black. The patches on the gaster are much more reduced, sometimes absent, The male is black leading to the conclusion that this is a sub-species - in the type the male is yellow with brown patches. The minor has the head black or dark brown-red; the gaster is black, sometimes basally spotted; the tibiae and dorsal thorax are darker but sometimes ochre in the smallest workers. Head slightly longer than the type and slightly wider anteriorly, with sides straight forward of the eyes and less convex behind, with a distinct occipital border. Thorax profile less convex than type and than in desantii. Petiole scale lower. Specimens from Zaïre - Oubangi, by Rev. P. Augustin; also from Congo, Grand Lahou, by H. Pobéguin. Santschi (1915c) also notes on lohieri (above) as a variety with the patches rather clearer and more apparent, but smaller; except for the base and upper part of the first gastral segment with is more or less yellow ochre, the sculpture is less shiny. Specimens from Ivory Coast, Jacqueville by Lohier; types from Benin, Upper Dahomey, Kouandé, by Desanti; also from Saõ Thomé, by Gravier; and Senegal, by J.de Gaulle. Santschi's (1915c) description is at  .
Arnold (1922) gave a
translation/description which is at  .
Forel's (1911j) description of schultzei
is at  .
|
Zaïre Uganda (schultzei) |
| Major worker |
 |
|
| schereri (Camponotus maculatus F., subsp. Schereri n. subsp., Forel, 1911e: 289, worker & queen) | Forel's
(1911e) description of schereri is at  .
Major TL 12-13.5 mm. Hindleg black;
gaster with well marked small yellow flecks; head wider than type.
Santschi (1915c) also described schereri as -
differs from melanocnemis by having more matt
sculpture on the sides of the thorax and head. The thorax profile is
less convex; and petiole scale less convex in front. Erect hairs a
little more abundant on the body, but colour the same. Sometimes the
angles of the head are slightly rust coloured, also seen in lohieri.
The posterior tibiae are ca. 4 mm, with well developed denticles.
Specimens from Liberia, the types of Scherer, from
Nebena; southern Nigeria, Olokomeji, by Silvestri;
and, Guinea, Kakoulima, by Silvestri. No images on Antweb (October 2014) |
Liberia |
| Minor worker |
 |
|
| georgei (Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus F. st. arnoldius For. var. Georgei n. v., Santschi, 1923e: 290, illustrated, major & minor) |  Santschi's (1923e)
description is at 
Major TL 15 mm; colour as melanocnemis
but without a light patch at the base of the gaster and with a little
reddish patch on each side of the first two segments; minor not
described. Bulawayo, G Arnold, 1 damaged specimen. |
Zimbabwe |
| Major |
 Collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?code=casent0911901 |
|
| C | group with an entirely black gaster | . |
| atramentarius (Camponotus maculatus F. var. atramentarius, Forel, 1904b: 379, worker; Forel, 1910f: 26, queen) |  Forel's
(1904b) description is at  .
Arnold (1922: 625) gave a
translation, this is at  .
"Identical to the type form, but almost entirely black; except the funiculi, base of the tarsi and a narrow band on the gaster segments, plus sometimes the sides of alitrunk partially dark yellow brown. A little more shiny than the type, recalls melanoticus and substitutus. Transition to the type is by all the varieties of colour. Tibiae not setose"; from Ethiopia, collector Dimitriev". No type images on Antweb (October 2014). |
Ethiopia & South Africa |
| ballioni (Camponotus maculatus F. r. ballioni n. st., Forel, 1904d: 176, worker & queen) |  Forel's (1904d)
description
is at  .
Arnold (1922: 632) gave a note, this
is at  .
TL 7.3-13 mm; "Only a darker variety
of the true; gaster
entirely black"No images on Antweb (October 2014) |
South Africa |
| cluis (Camponotus maculatus F. subsp. atramentarius Forel, v. cluis n.var., Forel, 1909b: 67, worker) |  Forel's (1909b) description
is at  .
Workers TL 9-14 mm; colour exactly as
with the atramentarius type; entirely black,
with appendages reddish and six small whitish patches on the sides of
the gasterCollated from http://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?name=casent0905274. |
Angola |
| cognatus (Formica cognata, Smith, F., 1858b: 35, major & minor; Mayr, 1862: 655, queen & male) |  Smith's
(1858b) description is at  .
"Extremely like F. maculata,
which it may be; the antennae and head as in that species; the legs
entirely ferruginous; the
gaster entirely black"; TL 11.65 mm; Port Natal. Minor
head narrowed slightly behind the eyes, gaster entirely black, legs
red.Collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimen.do?name=casent0903511 |
South Africa |
| intonsus (C. maculatus intonsus n. subsp., Emery 1905d: 29, footnote, Major & Minor) |  Emery's
(1905d) description is on .
Arnold (1922: 632) gave a
translation, this is at  .
Major TL 12.5 mm, HW 3/1, SL 2.8;
gaster of major wholly brown or black, either without patches or with
dark indistinct patches; tibiae with ventral setae. Cape and Transvaal.Collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?code=casent0905272 |
South Africa |
| minor |  |
. |
| mathildae (Camponotus maculatus subsp. mathildae n. subsp., Forel, 1910c: 266, major, minor & queen) |  Forel's
(1910c) description is at  .
Santschi (1914b) had more at  .
Arnold (1922) gave a translation
which is at  .
TL major 10.5 mm; black,
alitrunk dark brown, legs and mandibles brighter brown;
apical segments of gaster yellowish. Zoutpansberg, 800 m asl, collector
Rolle. |
South Africa |
| minor |
 |
|
| radamoides (Camponotus maculatus i. sp., var. radamoides, Forel, 1891b: 213, major & minor) | Forel's
(1891b) description was brief and noted the major and minor workers
were similar to the type form but the gaster was entirely black; the
occipital angles on the major were reddish; generally smaller - the
major with less convex sides to the head and the petiole scale of the
minor lower and more obtuse (Andramgoloaka Forest, collector Sikora). No images on Antweb (October 2014) |
Madagascar |
| sarmentus
(Camponotus
(Myrmoturba) maculatus F., subsp. sarmentus
n., Emery, 1920c: 14, illustrated, major & minor) see new elevated species page |
 Emery's (1920c)
description
is at  .
Major TL 13 mm; black,
mandibles ferruginous; funiculi, coxae and base of femur
reddish-fulvous. Base of Mt Ruwenzori, collector Stuhlmann |
Kenya |
| semispicatus (C. (Myrmoturba) maculatus st. Mathildae var. semispicta, nov., Santschi, 1914b: 130, worker; Emery, 1920c: 5; Menozzi, 1930b: 116, queen) |  Santschi's
(1914b) description is at .
Differs from mathildae by
the colour of the sides of the alitrunk and legs which are yellow
ochre, that is darker and more like melanconemis.
Numerous specimens and collections in Kenya by Alluaud and Jeannel.Collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?code=casent0911989 |
Kenya |
| D | group with pale non-blotched gaster | . |
| boera (Camponotus maculatus F. ssp cognatus var boera n. var., Forel, 1910f: 27; name listed ballioni var boera by Santschi, 1925h: 166, Major, Minor & queen) |  Forel's
(1910f) description is at  .
Arnold (1922: 632) gave a
translation, this is at .
Entirely
rusty yellow-red or
brownish-yellow colour; TL 8-13 mm; shape, sculpture and
pilosity agree entirely
with cognatusCollated from http://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?code=casent0913695 |
South Africa |
| cavallus (Camponotus maculatus st. ballioni n. st., Santschi, 1911g: 211, major, minor & queen) |  Santschi's
(1911g) description of cavallus is at  .
TL 9.5-10.5 mm; blackish
brown but
with extensive reddish-yellow areas, notably the basal
two-thirds of
the gaster (or of the first gaster segment?), second segment almost
completely black; mandibles with some striation; frontal carinae more
S-shaped and posteriorly further apart than type maculatus |
Angola |
| Major |
 Collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?code=casent0911972 |
|
| Minor |
 |
|
| hannae (Camponotus (Myrmoturba) maculatus F. st. hannae n. st., Santschi, 1919a: 349, illustrated, major & minor) |  Santschi's (1919a)
description is at  .
Arnold (1926: 294) gave a
translation, this is at  .
TL 8-12 mm; major coloured like race cavallus
but this has a shorter more convex alitrunk; tibiae compressed and
without setae. Zimbabwe, Victoria Falls, collector G Arnold. |
Zimbabwe |
| Syntype major |  Collated from http://www.antweb.org/specimenImages.do?code=casent0903515 |
. |
| The
photomontage of what it appears may well be a minor of hannae
is of a specimen from Zambia,
near Kipushi (DR Congo) 11°46'N 27°14'E; 5.ii.1928 solitary on tree; OUMNH; collector H Silvester Evans. Possibly too pale a minor |
 |
. |
 |
Camponotus maculatus main entry |
© 2010, 2011, 2013, 2014
- Brian Taylor CBiol FSB FRES 11, Grazingfield, Wilford, Nottingham, NG11 7FN, U.K. |
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