SUBFAMILY PONERINAE - Genus Hypoponera
Key to workers developend and enhanced from Bolton & Fisher (2011)
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The Ants of
Africa SUBFAMILY PONERINAE - Genus Hypoponera Key to workers developend and enhanced from Bolton & Fisher (2011) |
| Contents - Ponerinae - PONERINAE Introduction |
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Key to workers:
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PONERINAE Introduction |
© 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 - Brian Taylor
CBiol
FSB
FRES 11, Grazingfield, Wilford, Nottingham, NG11 7FN, U.K. |
href="hypoponera.htm"
Queen
and male only; queen with head black, shiny, rest of body dull
red-brown, appendages dark yellow; dorsum of body with clear
reticulation, but shiny with large puncturations; recumbent white
pilosity on head and body; TL 3.0-3.5 mm; ocelli small (B&F synonym
of 
Queen only described; petiole scale with triangular
profile similar to transvaalensis but much smaller TL 3.2 mm;
ocelli relatively large (B&F synonym of 
Male only; TL
ca 3.2 mm; uniform brown, ocelli large. The colour and gaster pilosity
resembles 
Dorsum
of propodeum separated from that of the mesonotum by a groove or
distinct suture - 
Dorsum
of mesonotum and propodeum forming a smooth unbroken surface without a
distinct suture - (true Hypoponera?)
TL
2.5 mm, yellow-brown, scape length surpassing the posterior border of
the head, eyes minimal and placed at about the centre of the cheeks
TL
2.5-3.0 mm; head with sides parallel, occiput slightly concave; eyes
3-5 facets; mandibles with 6 spaced out teeth, 3 long then 3 short; in
profile declivity of propodeum similar length to dorsum; head brown,
shiny; body dark red, gaster darker, tarsi yellow (B&F syn of 
TL in
range 2.5-3.0 (2.7-3.5) mm; occiput convex; antennal scape not reaching
the occiput of the head; mandibles with 3 long anterior teeth, plus
12-15 shorter teeth; eye set well forward of head mid-length, with 3-5
facets; in profile propodeum with declivity and dorsum of similar
length; petiole scale thick, height less than three times the width;
subpetiolar process distinctively shaped with clear fovea; hind tarsus
with large pectinate spur and smaller spur; head black or rust-red, matt
TL
3.0 mm; propodeal declivity much longer than dorsum; antennal scape not
surpassing the occiput; eyes very close to the mandibles; mandibles
probably with less than 8 teeth; propodeum angle more obtuse than breviceps
(queen) colour brown
TL
2.6 mm; head elongated (HL 0.75, HW 0.50) and very convex, sides
straight but widening gently from the clypeus to a maximum just before
the occiput; mandibles slightly puncturated, with 4 large black teeth,
subtended by 5 smaller yellow teeth; clypeus slightly convex, with a
vague median carina, anterior margin rectilinear; eyes of a single
large, rounded facet, about one-sixth back from the mandibles; alitrunk
profile almost flat; propodeum short, rounded with declivity flat, a
little shorter than the dorsum, without marked lateral margins;
pilosity whitish-yellow, short and recumbent, densest on the tarsi;
head, propodeum and gaster densely puncturated with large punctures,
regularly spaced by twice their diameter; alitrunk with few punctures,
but with fine transverse rugae; entirely deep yellow, shiny, with only
the borders of the head brownish. 
TL
2.7-2.8; HL 1.2 X HW; mandibles with 8 denticles; propodeum apparently
very short; shiny, densely punctate; yellowish-brown, head darker
TL 3.7
mm; metanotal suture faint (not shown on drawing); head, alitrunk and
petiole dark yellowish-red, gaster rusty-red apex paler
TL
2.5-3.0 mm, head large, with convex sides; scape almost reaching
occiput; mandibles with 5 large, spaced out, teeth; eye of ca 4 facets;
penultimate segment of funiculus distinctly wider than long; first
segment of gaster shorter than second; dull red (yellowish)
TL
2.4-2.8 mm; elongated species similar to but smaller than punctatissima
; mandibles with 4 large and one small teeth; propodeum declivity
shorter than dorsum; clypeus and alitrunk very shiny (dull in ssp);
yellowish-brown
TL
2.7 mm; head rectangular; shorter mandibles & longer scapes almost
reaching occiput; eye of single facet; testaceous red with a brown spot
on front of head; appendages yellowish 
TL 5.5 mm; dark brown, head almost black
TL
4.0 mm; general features apparently similar to ursoïdea;
mandibles with 7 teeth; shiny, colour reddish
TL
2.4-2.8 mm; head elongated, sides slightly convex, occiput concave;
eyes of 3-4 facets, placed about one-fifth of side back from mandibles;
mandibles with 3 anterior teeth, remainder denticles; antennal scape
not reaching the occiput by about its own width; generally matt, dull,
due to recumbent white hairs, dense over all the body. colour deep
red-brown, head even darker, appendages yellow-ochre
TL 2.46
mm; head slightly elongated (HL 0.62, HW 0.5) with parallel sides; eyes
small, 2-3 facets; clypeus with short carina, not ridged in the middle;
dorsum of propodeum a little longer than the declivity, and with clear
angle at junction; shiny with relatively dense pilosity; dark
yellow-brown
TL 2.9 mm; eye of 5-6 facets; clypeus with feebly rounded
anterior margin, and a longer carina than lea, elongated by a
ridge; propodeum angle more rounded than lea; colour clear brown
TL
2.2 mm; in profile propodeal declivity very sinuous; head relatively
short only slightly longer than wide, sides sub-parallel, widest in
anterior third; eyes distinctive, 3-4 facets, black, very elongated,
set some 1.5 times their length back from the mandibles; occiput
concave; antennal scapes not reaching the occiput; shiny, with little
puncturation; fine whitish hairs; testaceous yellow, gaster darker
except anteriorly
TL
2.7-3.0 mm; scapes surpassing the occiput; clypeus rectilinear, or
feebly concave apically; mandibles with 3-4 clear teeth, and 9-10
reduced denticles; colour yellow-brown to yellow-red 
TL 2.6
mm; antennal scape surpassing the occiput; eye of one facet, close to
the mandibles, which have only feeble teeth; clypeus margin with an
obtuse central tooth; propodeum profile similar to that of dulcis;
colour brown
TL
2.5-2.7 mm; head elongated (HL 0.75, HW 0.48), sides somewhat convex,
widest towards the occiput, which is concave; eye with 3-4 facets,
sited about one-fifth of length from anterior; scape slightly
surpassing the occiput; clypeus strongly convex, with a limited carina,
anterior margin straight or feebly concave; mandibles with 5 clear
teeth, the last two small, preceded by 7-9 more or less distinct
denticles; yellow pubescence all over, moderately dense except on the
gaster; head and petiole dark brown, alitrunk and gaster redder
appendages brownish-yellow (B&F synonym of 
TL
2.5-2.7; head moderately elongated (HL 0.76, HW 0.55) with subparallel
sides, occiput near straight; scape clearly passing the occiput; eye
black and very distinct, even though of a single large facet; placed
about one-sixth of way back from mandibles; clypeus short, nearly flat,
little puncturated, anterior margin straight; mandibles distinct, being
slender and puncturated, with 12-13 teeth of which 4 are large and
inequal; less puncturation than sinuosa and petiolata;
on head and gaster dense but very fine puncturation; generally shiny,
with little pilosity. colour entirely testaceous
Petiole
scale in profile tapering and narrow even at base; no description given
TL
1.7 mm; head 1.25 longer than wide, sides straight; anterior margin of
clypeus slightly arcuate; petiole scale in profile quite thick
narrowing only at apex; yellow, appendages paler
Petiole
squamiform; eyes rounded, 6 facets; placed about one quarter back from
mandibles;
TL 1.8-2.0 mm; dorsal profile of thorax rectilinear, with
no lateral waisting between mesonotum and propodeum; dark yellow-brown
(B&F synonym of 
TL ca.
2.2 mm; occiput narrower than maximum width, scapes not reaching the
occiput, mandibles with 6 teeth; anterior 5 larger, clypeus without an
apical point; petiole scale triangular; pale yellow, testaceous
Specimen
from Gabon (as
with 
TL in range 1.8-2.2
mm; mandible with only 5 visible teeth
- otherwise as for coeca of which it may be a variety; colour
dark reddish-yellow
TL
2.3-2.5 mm; HL 1.5 X HW; mandibles with 4 large teeth and 7-12
denticles; yellow-red, appendages yellower
TL
2.0-2.8 mm; eye distinct - similar to abeillei
but head slightly shorter and funiculus with distinct club (may be
synonymous with abeillei)
TL
2.0-2.5 mm; head wider (HL 0.47, HW 0.39); petiole scale with dome apex
in profile; shiny with relatively dense pilosity; yellow-brown,
appendages paler
Eyes
minute set about 1/6 from anterior margin of head; propodeum with
short rounded angle, declivity not bordered; petiole 1/4 wider behind
than long, truncate dorsally in profile, narrowing so dorsum 1/4
shorter than base 
TL
3.0-3.3 mm; head only slightly elongated (HL 0.8 HW 0.7) sides slightly
convex, widest at the midpoint; clypeus short, feebly angular
anteriorly; mandibles very puncturated and less curved than other
species, 7-8 denticles subtend a short tooth, followed by 4 sharp
teeth; the concave occiput is not reached by the antennal scapes,
although those attain the mid-point of the occiput concavity; no sign
of eyes, although that may be due to the density of the puncturation;
puncturation denser than the other brown species, composed of medium
sized punctures, separated by spaces of a similar size to the
punctures, specially regularly arranged on the head; dull
reddish-brown, head lighter and more shiny, but this is hidden by the
dense recumbent white pilosity, giving a matt appearance to the rest of
the body 
TL
2.6-2.8 mm; mandibles shiny, eyes with 1-2 facets; clypeus feebly
carinated, carina rounded, most visible anteriorly; declivity of
propodeum bordered with a distinctly concave declivity; overall shiny
but head and gaster less shiny due to dense whitish recumbent pilosity,
densest on the gaster; dark brown, appendages and apex of gaster dull
yellow
TL
3.5 mm; eye of 1 or no facets; mandibles with distinct teeth; petiole
scale narrows from base to apex in profile
TL
2.8 mm; head elongated, sides relatively straight and parallel,
eyeless, occiput near rectilinear; clypeus longer than coeca,
with strong carina, rounded anteriorly; mandibles similar to coeca,
with 4-5 large teeth, following 8-9 denticles, a little puncturated;
head densely covered with fine puncturations, pilosity feeble; shiny,
uniform yellow, funiculus darker
TL
ca 3.5 mm; petiole scale with anterior and posterior faces in profile
completely parallel; petiole apex higher than the level of the
propodeum dorsum; propodeum declivity shallowly concave